Nestled in the heart of the Midwest, Iowa is a state that may not first come to mind when you think of birdwatching. Yet, this underestimated paradise is a host to a kaleidoscope of avian wonders that could thrill the heart of any birder. From the majestic soaring of raptors to the delicate flitting of songbirds, Iowa’s skies, forests, rivers, and plains are bustling with bird life that begs to be admired.
In this article, we’ll embark on a vivid exploration of the 20 best birds that call Iowa their home, at least for part of the year. These flying jewels not only contribute to the state’s natural beauty but are also a vital part of the ecosystem. So grab your binoculars, and let’s delve into the feathery allure of Iowa’s most captivating birds.
The Regal Raptors of Iowa
Raptors, or birds of prey, are not only powerful hunters but also some of the most spectacular sights in the birding world. Iowa’s open landscapes and abundant waterways provide perfect hunting grounds for these birds.
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Bald Eagle: America’s Iconic Bird of Prey
The bald eagle—symbol of strength and freedom—soars high above Iowa’s water bodies with its imposing wingspan and stark white head. A national treasure, the bald eagle offers a stunning spectacle, especially during winter months around the Mississippi River, where it often gathers in large numbers.
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Red-tailed Hawk: The Soaring Sentinel
Perched atop a dead tree or fence post, the red-tailed hawk surveys its territory with keen eyes. It is a year-round resident of Iowa, its telltale rusty tail catching the sunlight as it glides over fields in search of rodents.
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American Kestrel: The Petite Powerhouse
Among the smallest of North America’s raptors, the American kestrel displays a colorful plumage. This sprightly bird can be seen hovering deftly over open fields or sitting on roadside wires, ready to dive upon unsuspecting prey.
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Songbirds: The Melodic Heart of Iowa
Iowa’s woods and fields are alive with the songs and chirps of various songbirds, making them a fundamental part of the Iowan birding experience.
Eastern Bluebird: The Azure Angel
The Eastern bluebird is the quintessential symbol of happiness. With its brilliant blue back and warm orange breast, it graces Iowa with its presence and sweet songs, favoring open woodlands and meadows.
American Goldfinch: Iowa’s State Bird
Iowa’s very own state bird, the American goldfinch sports a vivid yellow and black coloration in the summer, which gives way to a more subdued hue in the winter. These active feeders are commonly spotted flitting among the wildflowers and thistle seeds, adding a splash of color to the landscape.
Red-winged Blackbird: The Marshland Maestro
With the arrival of spring, the red-winged blackbird brings the wetlands to life with its bold vocals and striking red shoulder patches. These birds often congregate in large flocks, painting the marshes with their deep black and vibrant red plumage.
Waterfowl: The Aquatic Ambassadors of Iowa’s Wetlands
Iowa’s extensive network of rivers and wetlands offers an ideal rest stop and breeding ground for various waterfowl.
Mallard: The Quintessential Duck
The ubiquitous mallard is likely the most recognized duck species in Iowa, with the drake displaying a brilliant green head. These adaptable ducks can be found in nearly any waterway across the state.
Wood Duck: The Stunningly Patterned Spectacle
Wood ducks boast an unmatched intricacy in their feathers. These exquisitely patterned birds make their nests in tree holes near water and can be spotted paddling gracefully on Iowa’s rivers and lakes.
Trumpeter Swan: The Majestic Revival
Once nearly extinct, the trumpeter swan signifies one of the most successful conservation stories. These large, elegant birds with their resonant calls are now a breathtaking sight on Iowa’s waters, thanks to dedicated restoration efforts.
Colorful Visitors: Migratory Marvels
Iowa serves as a layover for many migratory birds, gracing its environment with bursts of color and activity during certain seasons.
Scarlet Tanager: The Fiery Canopy Dweller
High among the oak and hickory trees, the scarlet tanager adds a dash of dramatic red to the foliage. This striking bird with its contrasting black wings is a migratory visitor that birders eagerly anticipate each spring.
Baltimore Oriole: The Orange-Black Flutter
With its contrasting orange and black plumage, the Baltimore oriole is a spectacle to behold. These lively birds adeptly weave intricate hammock-like nests and can be enticed to backyard feeders with fruit offerings during their migratory stay in Iowa.
Indigo Bunting: The Sapphires of the Fields
Male indigo buntings gleam with an intense blue when the sun hits their feathers right, making summertime fields twinkle as if sprinkled with gemstones. These small songbirds sing with gusto from perches and are summer residents in Iowa’s countryside.
The Watchful Owls of the Iowa Night
As dusk falls and the day bird songs fade, the enigmatic calls of Iowa’s owls start to resonate through the darkness.
Great Horned Owl: The Nocturnal Predator
The great horned owl, with its tufted ears and deep hoots, is the quintessential owl of storybooks. Immensely powerful, this apex predator occupies a wide range of habitats in Iowa, presiding over the night with its formidable presence.
Eastern Screech-Owl: The Camouflaged Ghost
The Eastern screech-owl may be small in size, but its mystical trilling calls bring something magical to the Iowan nights. Expertly camouflaged against tree bark, this elusive owl watches from within hollows and tree crevices.
Barred Owl: The Forest’s Conversationalist
With a call often described as ‘who cooks for you, who cooks for you-all’, the barred owl is a sociable denizen of Iowa’s mature forests and wooded riverbanks. Spotting one can be a true highlight for any nocturnal birdwatching expedition.
The Upland Birds: Icons of the Iowa Prairies
While much of Iowa’s natural prairie has been converted to agriculture, these birds symbolize the untamed beauty of the region’s historic grasslands.
Ring-necked Pheasant: The Flamboyant Ground-Dweller
The ring-necked pheasant, introduced to Iowa over a century ago, has become a popular game bird and a fixture of the landscape. Its multicolored plumage and long, striped tail are a sight to behold as it roams the fields.
Bobwhite Quail: The Whistled Call of the Meadows
The bobwhite quail with its distinctive whistling call—‘bob-white!’—and dappled brown plumage, is a cherished sight in the remaining pockets of prairies and grasslands throughout Iowa.
Greater Prairie-Chicken: The Rarity in the Grass
Prairie conservation efforts continue to support populations of the greater prairie-chicken, a species known for its unique booming calls and elaborate mating dances. Although their numbers have dwindled, these birds remain a symbol of the once vast prairies of the Midwest.
Conclusion: Embracing Iowa’s Avian Wonders
Iowa’s tapestry of habitats presents an array of opportunities for birding enthusiasts. From the vibrant waterfowl wading through the wetlands to the mesmerizing spectacle of migrating songbirds, the state is truly a birder’s paradise explored.
As you venture through its diverse landscapes, keep in mind that our feathered friends depend on us to maintain healthy and safe environments for them to thrive. Becoming familiar with the best birds of Iowa not only deepens our appreciation for nature but also underscores the importance of conservation efforts.
So, whether you’re a seasoned birder or someone who simply enjoys the occasional flash of feathers against the sky, remember that adventure awaits in every corner of Iowa. Through responsible birdwatching and habitat preservation, we can ensure that these winged gems continue to adorn the skies and fields of the Hawkeye State for generations to come. Happy birding!
